;Date: : January 15th, 2011 (10 years of Wikipedia) ;Confirmed: : 5th meeting of Chilean wikipedians in Santiago. San Cristóbal Hill, Santiago de Chile. ;Website: : Wikipedia en español: V Encuentro de Wikipedistas en Santiago de Chile ;Organizers : Wikimedia Chile

:See images at the Wikimedia Commons gallery

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;Date: : May 7th, 2011 (10 years of ''Wikipedia en español'') ;To be confirmed: : Wikiconference. Place not yet defined. Looking for sponsors. ;Organizers: : Wikimedia Chile

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;Contacts: : contactowikimediachile.cl, osmarwikimediachile.cl

Category:Chile Category:2011-01-15 Category:May 2011

name	Santiago Calatrava Valls
Nationality	Spanish
Birth date	July 28, 1951
Birth place	Benimàmet, Valencia, Spain
Education	Polytechnic University of ValenciaSwiss Federal Institute of Technology
Discipline	Structural engineer, Architect, Sculptor
Institutions	Institution of Structural Engineers
Practice name	Santiago Calatrava
Significant projects	Athens Olympic Sports ComplexAuditorio de TenerifeAlamillo bridgeChords BridgeCiutat de les Arts i les Ciències
Significant awards	AIA Gold MedalIStructE Gold MedalEugene McDermott AwardPrince of Asturias AwardAuguste Perret Prize }}

Santiago Calatrava Valls (, born 28 July 1951) is a Spanish architect, sculptor and structural engineer whose principal office is in Zürich, Switzerland. Classed now among the elite designers of the world, he has offices in Zürich, Paris, Valencia, and New York City.

Early life and education

Calatrava was born in Benimàmet, an old municipality now integrated as an urban part of Valencia, Spain, where he pursued his undergraduate architecture degree at the Polytechnic University of Valencia along with a post-graduate course in urbanism. During his schooldays, he also undertook independent projects with a group of fellow students, bringing out two books on the vernacular architecture of Valencia and Ibiza Following graduation in 1975, he enrolled in the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich, Switzerland, for graduate work in civil engineering. In 1981, after completing his doctoral thesis, "On the Foldability of Space Frames", he started his architecture and engineering practice.

Career

Calatrava's early career was largely dedicated to bridges and train stations, with designs that elevated the status of civil engineering projects to new heights. His Montjuic Communications Tower in Barcelona, Spain (1991) in the heart of the 1992 Olympics site, as well as the Allen Lambert Galleria in Toronto, Canada (1992), were important works and turning points in his career, leading to a wide range of commissions. The Quadracci Pavilion (2001) of the Milwaukee Art Museum was his first building in the United States. Calatrava's entry into high-rise design began with an innovative 54-story-high twisting tower called Turning Torso (2005), located in Malmö, Sweden.

Calatrava has designed a futurisitc train station, the World Trade Center Transportation Hub, at the rebuilt World Trade Center in New York City.

Calatrava's style has been heralded as bridging the division between structural engineering and architecture. In the projects, he continues a tradition of Spanish modernist engineering that included Félix Candela, Antonio Gaudí, and Rafael Guastavino. Nonetheless, his style is also very personal, and derives from numerous studies of the human body and the natural world.

On 10 December 2011 he was appointed a member of the Pontifical Council for Culture for a five year renewable term by Pope Benedict XVI.

Recent projects

80 South Street

One of his newest projects was a residential skyscraper, 80 South Street, located at that address in New York City's financial district facing the East River. It was composed of ten townhouses in the shape of cubes stacked on top of one another. The townhouses move up a main beam and follow a staggered ladder-like pattern, providing each townhouse with its own roof. The "townhouse in the sky" design was supposed to attract a high-profile clientele willing to pay a hefty US$30 million for each cube. As of 2008, this project had been canceled; the Manhattan real estate market had gone soft, and none of the ten multimillion-dollar townhouses had been sold.

Chicago Spire

Calatrava designed the now-canceled skyscraper, the Chicago Spire, in Chicago. Originally commissioned by Chicagoan Christopher Carley, the building site for the project was purchased by Irish developer Garrett Kelleher in July 2006 when Carley's financing plans fell through. Construction of the building was to begin in August 2007, for intended completion in 2011. The Chicago Spire would have been the tallest building in North America. The project was canceled in early 2010.

Trinity River Bridges

Calatrava's work includes three bridges that will eventually span the Trinity River in Dallas, Texas. The first bridge, the Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge, named after donor Margaret Hunt Hill, was planned to open for traffic in March 2012. If the remaining bridges are completed, Dallas will join the Dutch county of Haarlemmermeer in having three Calatrava bridges.

Peace Bridge

Calatrava's design for the Peace Bridge, a 130m pedestrian bridge to span the Bow River in downtown Calgary, Alberta, Canada, will cost approximately $24.5 million. The project was approved by city council in early January 2009 and was scheduled for completion in fall 2010, but had not been completed as of the end of November, 2011, it is now estimated to be done in Spring of 2012. Public disclosure of Peace Bridge plans was made on 28 July 2009, and it was described as a sleek, elegant contribution to downtown Calgary. However, there was an uproar from Calgarians, since there was a bridge very similar to Calatrava's design built in Toronto, at a much lesser cost. The design model showed a sleek, tubular, single-span red-and-white trestle, offering separate pathways for cyclists and pedestrians. The bridge is expected to serve up to 5,000 pedestrians and cyclists daily.

University of South Florida

On 16 June 2009, it was announced that Calatrava would be designing the first building of the new University of South Florida Polytechnic campus in Lakeland, Florida. This will be his first work in the southeastern United States.

Calatrava as sculptor

Calatrava is also a prolific sculptor and painter, claiming that the practice of architecture combines all the arts into one. In 2003, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City held an exhibition of his artistic and architectural work, entitled "Santiago Calatrava: Sculpture Into Architecture." Exhibitions of his work have also taken place in Germany, England, Spain, Italy and elsewhere.

Notable works

Completed

Alameda Bridge and metro station, Valencia, Spain

1983–1984, Jakem Steel Warehouse, Munchwilen, Switzerland

1983–1985, Ernsting Warehouse, Coesfeld, Germany

1983–1988, Wohlen High School, Wohlen, Switzerland

1983–1990, Stadelhofen Railway Station, Zürich, Switzerland

1983–1989, Lucerne Station Hall, Lucerne, Switzerland

1984–1987, Bac de Roda Bridge, Barcelona, Spain

1984–1988, Barenmatte Community Center, Suhr, Switzerland,

1986–1987, Tabourettli Theater, Basel, Switzerland,

1987–1992, Allen Lambert Galleria (in Brookfield Place), Toronto, Canada,

1989–1994, TGV Station, Lyon, France

1992, ''Puente del Alamillo'', Seville, Spain

1992, ''Puente de Lusitania'', Mérida, Spain

1992, Montjuic Communications Tower at the Olympic Ring, Barcelona, Spain

1992, World's Fair, Kuwaiti Pavilion, Seville, Spain

1994, Mimico Creek Bridge, Humber Bay Parks, Toronto, Ontario

1994, Oberbaumbrücke, Berlin, Germany (1896) rebuilt and opened on November 9

1994–1997, Campo Volantin Footbridge, Bilbao, Spain

1995, Trinity Bridge, footbridge over River Irwell in Manchester and Salford, Greater Manchester, England

1996–2009, ''Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències'', Valencia, Spain

1996, Centro Internacional de Ferias y Congresos de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Tenerife, Canary island, Spain

1998, Gare do Oriente, Lisbon, Portugal

2000, New terminal at Bilbao Airport, Bilbao, Spain

2001, Milwaukee Art Museum, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.

2001, Puente de la Mujer, in the Puerto Madero barrio of Buenos Aires, Argentina

2001, Bodegas Ysios, Laguardia, Spain

2002, Wave, in Dallas, Texas at the Southern Methodist University Meadows Museum

2003, James Joyce Bridge, bridge over River Liffey, Dublin, Ireland

2003, Auditorio de Tenerife, the architect's first performing arts facility, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain

2004, redesign of Athens Olympic Sports Complex, Athens, Greece

2004, Sundial Bridge at Turtle Bay, Redding, California, USA

2004, Three bridges (called Harp, Cittern and Lute) spanning the main canal of the Haarlemmermeer, Netherlands

2004, University of Zurich, "Bibliothekseinbau" library remodelling, Zürich, Switzerland

2005, The bridge connecting the Ovnat shopping mall and the Rabin Medical Center (Beilinson) in Petah Tikva, Israel

2005, Turning Torso, Malmö, Sweden

2007, 3 Bridges on the A1 Motorway and TAV Railway, Reggio Emilia, Italy

2007-2012 Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge, Dallas, Texas, U.S.

2008, Chords Bridge at the entrance to Jerusalem, Israel, a light rail bridge

2008, Ponte della Costituzione footbridge from Piazzale Roma over the Grand Canal, Venice, Italy

2008-2009, Technion Obelisk, monument on the Technion campus in Haifa, Israel

2009, Liège-Guillemins TGV Railway Station, Liège, Belgium

2009, Samuel Beckett Bridge, bridge over River Liffey, Dublin, Ireland

2009, Caja Madrid Obelisk, Madrid, Spain

2011, Palacio de Congresos de Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain, [Spanish wiki: :es:Palacio de Congresos de Oviedo

2012, Peace Bridge, Calgary, Canada [pictures]

Under construction/proposed

World Trade Center Transportation Hub, New York City, U.S.

University of South Florida Polytechnic, Lakeland, FL, U.S.

Atlanta Symphony Center, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.

Palacio de Exposiciones y Congresos, Oviedo, Spain

Medio Padana TAV Station, Reggio Emilia, Italy

Maastricht University Campus, Maastricht, Netherlands

Palma de Mallorca's Opera, Spain

High-rise buildings on stilts on the River Liffey in Dublin

New railway station in Mons, Belgium

Hotel, Train Station and Two Bridges at Denver International Airport

Museu do Amanhã, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Calatrava has also submitted designs for a number of notable projects which were eventually awarded to other designers, including the Reichstag in Berlin and the East London River Crossing.

Unbuilt projects

Collserola communications tower in Barcelona (1991). A tower shaped like a big white spaceship was proposed, but Norman Foster ultimately designed the tower.

A bridge in Toronto to the Toronto Island Airport. Locals did not support the airport.

A campus building for Ryerson University in Toronto, Canada. His design was dropped for a less expensive design.

New cathedral for the Diocese of Oakland, California, USA. Preliminary design dropped in favor of that by local architect Craig Hartman (Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, San Francisco).

New bridge across Cávado River, Barcelos, Portugal. It was dropped due to lack of funds.

Substitute bridge (''Wettstein Bridge'') across Rhine River, Basel, Switzerland. It did not pass the cantonal referendum. A less expensive bridge was built instead.

80 South Street, stack of 10 condominium units on New York City's East River, starting at $27 Million each.

Chicago Spire Chicago IL. Lack of funding

Recognition

Calatrava has received numerous recognitions. In 1988, he was awarded with the Fazlur Khan International Fellowship by the SOM Foundation. In 1990, he received the "Médaille d'Argent de la Recherche et de la Technique", in Paris. In 1992 he received the prestigious Gold Medal from the Institution of Structural Engineers. In 1993, the Museum of Modern Art in New York held a major exhibition of his work called "Structure and Expression". In 1998 he was elected to become a member of "Les Arts et Lettres", in Paris. In 2004, he received the Gold Medal from the American Institute of Architects (AIA).

In 2005, Calatrava was awarded the Eugene McDermott Award by the Council for the Arts of MIT. The award is among the most esteemed arts awards in the US.

He is also a Senior Fellow of the Design Futures Council.

Awards

1979 August Perret Award

1992 London Institution of Structural Engineers Gold Medal

1993 Toronto Municipality Urban Design Award

1996 Gold Medal for Excellence in the Fine Arts from the Granada Ministry of Culture

1997 Honoris Causa degree awarded by Delft University of Technology

1999 Prince of Asturias Award in Arts

2000 Algur H. Meadows Award for Excellence in the Arts from the Meadows School of the Arts, Southern Methodist University

2004 James Parks Morton Interfaith Award from the Interfaith Center of New York

2005 American Institute of Architects Gold Medal

2006 Eugene McDermott Award in the Arts from the Council for the Arts at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

2006 Honorary Engineering Degree from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Designation as a Global Leader for Tomorrow by the World Economic Forum in Davos

2007 Honorary Engineering Degree from Columbia University

2007 Awarded with the Spanish National Architecture Award

Design Futures Council Senior Fellow

Criticism

Calatrava's work in Bilbao has been criticized for impracticality. The airport lacks facilities and the bridge's glass tiles are prone to break and get slippery under the local weather, which impelled the local administration to add anti-slip treads to its decking, altering the appearance of the bridge. In 2007, Calatrava sued Bilbao for allowing Arata Isozaki to remove a bar from the bridge to connect it to the Isozaki Atea towers. The judge ruled against Calatrava, on the grounds that, although the building design is protected by intellectual property law, public safety is more important than intellectual property. In a 2009 appeal, he received €30,000 in compensation. The Isozaki joint has been cited as both bold and destructive.

Calatrava gifted the Municipality of Venice with the project of a new bridge on the "Canal Grande" in 1996. As of 2007, the project was still under construction and has gone through numerous structural changes, because of the mechanical instability of the structure and the excessive weight of the bridge, which would cause the banks of the canal to fail. In 10 years the project had been inspected by more than 8 different consultants and the cost had risen to three times the original expectations. The work was finally completed in August 2008. The bridge has been criticized for its impractical design; it has many steps embedded in its relatively steep pavement, which makes it uncomfortable to walk on, especially for the elderly. Moreover, it does not have a ramp, so that it cannot be used by wheelchair users.

Some of Calatrava's works have been plagued with cost overruns, secrecy, and construction problems. For example, Calgary's Peace Bridge, which was slated to open in 2010, has been delayed due to faulty welding. As of June 2011, the bridge remained uncompleted.

Exhibits

A special exhibition was presented at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in March 2006.

Personal life

Calatrava's nephew Álex Calatrava is a professional tennis player. Two of Calatrava's sons have completed or are in the process of completing advanced degrees in Engineering from the Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science at Columbia University in New York City. His other son has just finished law school at Columbia University.

References

Further reading

External links

Official Website

Gallery of works

Santiago Calatrava News Aggregator

Great Buildings On-Line: Santiago Calatrava

Unofficial website

Calatrava's projects on the map

Extended profile of the architect in the NYRB, December 2006

''The New Yorker'', 31 October 2005, "The Sculptor"

''The Guardian'', 17 January 2006, "The Gaudí Effect"

Pictures and profile at Specifier

Many pictures of Calatrava's Art on Trekearth

Calatrava's 80 South Street condo design for New York

CNN interview with Santiago Calatrava

Proposed design for south terminal expansion at Denver International Airport

Category:1951 births *Santiago Calatrava Category:Bridge engineers Category:Columbia Engineering alumni Category:ETH Zurich alumni Category:High-tech architecture Category:IStructE Gold Medal winners Category:Living people Category:People from Valencia Category:Spanish architects Category:Spanish engineers Category:Structural engineers Category:Valencian architects Category:Valencian engineers Category:Members of the Pontifical Council for Culture

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Name	Fito Páez
Background	solo_singer
Birth name	Rodolfo Páez Ávalos
Birth date	March 13, 1963
Origin	Rosario, Argentina
Instruments	Singing, Piano
Genre	Rock
Occupation	singer-songwriter, film director
Years active	1979–present
Label	Warner Music/Distribuidora Belgrano Norte/Sony Music
Notable albums	El Amor Después del Amor (1992)
Website	http://www.fitopaezmusica.com.ar/ }}

Rodolfo ''"Fito"'' Páez Ávalos (born March 13, 1963 in Rosario, Santa Fe Province) is an Argentine popular rock and roll pianist, lyricist, Spanish language singer and film director.

Biography

Early career

His real name is Rodolfo Páez, like his father. When he was a child people called him "Rodolfito" (in Spanish, an affectionate form of "Rodolfo") to distinguish him from his father. With the passage of time, this nickname became just "Fito", and that is where his stage name came from.

He formed Staff, his first band when he was 13. In 1977, he played in El Banquete with Rubén Goldín and Jorge Llonch. He began to perform solo in pubs the following year.

Straight out of high school, he began touring with several bands and soon after that produced his first solo album, "Del '63", which was released in 1984. It was promoted first in his home town, but later earned attention in Buenos Aires. The recording was put together with the help of some of Argentina's most prominent musicians, including Daniel Wirtz, Fabián Gallardo, Tweety González and Paul Dourge. The disc won him critical acclaim as a songwriter and helped lead to future projects, including a 1985 album, "Giros".

The demo of that album earned him the praise of Luis Alberto Spinetta, as well as a partnership - Paez's next album, 1986's "La La La" was a duet with Spinetta. The duo supported that album with a tour that reached all the way to Santiago, Chile. The same year, he participated in the Thousand Days of Democracy festival with Spinetta, Juan Carlos Baglietto, Silvina Garré and Antonio Tarragó Ros.

His 1987 recording, "Ciudad de Pobres Corazones", marked a dark, political turn for his work. It was dedicated to the memory of his aunt and grandmother, who were assassinated in Rosario. The album seethed with anger, but it was also more rhythmic and showed greater songwriting depth than his previous recordings. Páez got his first taste of production work with "Ey!", which was released in 1988. Recorded in New York and Havana, it also showcased many of the musicians that he had worked with previously, including Guillermo Vadalá, Daniel Colombres and Osvaldo Fattoruso. It also featured the trumpeters and saxophonists of the group, Afrocuba. Less harsh than his previous recording, it was one of his most balanced records.

1990 - present

"Tercer Mundo", released in 1990, explores Latin American cultural influences and showed the harsh world of poverty and exploitation. It, too was critically acclaimed, but it was Paez' 1992 album, "El Amor Después del Amor" that marked the pinnacle of his commercial success. The album sold more than 750,000 copies and when Paez toured to support it, he found himself playing to sold-out shows for 40,000 people. Shortly after its release, he played a benefit concert for UNICEF which raised more than $420,000.

The follow-up, "Circo Beat", had impossibly high expectations and though it had several hit songs, including "Mariposa Tecknicolor" and "Tema de Piluso," as well as a companion album, Circo Beat Brazil, which featured Brazilian remixes of its hits, it only sold around 350,000 copies.

Several other projects were completed in the late '90s, including a live album, ''Euforia'' and 1998's ''Sabina & Paez: Enemigos Intimos'', with Joaquín Sabina. The year 1999 brought another balanced, superbly produced album, "Abre". He also took home two Grammys at the first annual Latin Grammy Award in fall 2000. He lived with Argentine actress Cecilia Roth for some years, with whom he adopted a child in 1999.

Paez' 2003 album "Naturaleza sangre" marks a return to his musical past, featuring appearances from Charly García, Luis Alberto Spinetta and Brazilian artist Rita Lee on the previously unreleased version of "Ojos Rojos". At 40 years old, Paez finds himself at his musical peak.

In 2006, Páez was given an ''escopetarra'' (a decommissioned AK-47 converted into a guitar) by Colombian musician and peace activist César López in honor of his music.

The album ''El mundo cabe en una canción'' won the Latin Grammy Award for Best Rock Solo Vocal Album at the Latin Grammy Awards of 2007.

In 2008 recorded, ''No se si es Baires o Madrid'', in Madrid, Spain. He invited several important musicians, such as Pablo Milanés, Joaquín Sabina and Ariel Rot to participate. In 2010, presented the album ''Confiá''. In december 2011 he has recorded a new album which has song that were made by other artist, but this time Páez is going to be the singer; the album is called "Canciones para áliens"

Discography

Del 63 (1984) ("Of 63")

Giros (1985) ("Turns")

Corazón clandestino (1986) (Maxi-single) ("Clandestine heart")

La La La (with Luis Alberto Spinetta) (1986)

Ciudad de pobres corazones (1987) ("Poor heart's town")

Ey! (1988)

Tercer mundo (1990) ("Third World")

El Amor Después del Amor (1992) ("Love after love")

Circo Beat (1994) ("Beat Circus")

Euforia (live) (1996) ("Euphoria")

Enemigos íntimos (with Joaquín Sabina) (1998) ("Intimate enemies")

Abre (1999) ("Open")

Rey Sol (2000) ("King Sun")

Naturaleza sangre (2003) ("Blood nature")

Mi vida con ellas I (live) (2004) ("My life with them")

Mi vida con ellas II (live) (2004)

Moda y pueblo (2005) ("Fashion & people")

El Mundo Cabe en Una Canción (2006) ("The world fits in a song")

Rodolfo (2007)

No sé si es Baires o Madrid (live) (2008) ("I don't know if it's Baires or Madrid")

Confiá (2010) ("Trust")

Canciones para Áliens (2011) ("Songs for Aliens")

Compilations

Grandes éxitos (1990) ("Greatest hits")

Crónica (1991) ("Chronicle")

Lo mejor de Fito Páez (1993) ("The best of Fito Páez")

Lo mejor de los mejores – Volume 1 and 2 (1995/1996) ("The best of the bests")

Lo duro/Lo suave de Fito Páez (1996) ("Hard/Soft of Fito Páez")

Serie de oro: grandes éxitos (1999) ("Gold series: Greatest hits")

Antología (2002) ("Anthology")

Músicos, poetas y locos (2003) ("Musicians, poets and fools")

Super 6 (2003)

Gran reserva (2005) ("Great reserve")

Grandes Canciones (2008) (live) ("Great songs")

Tributes

Homenaje a Fito Páez (2006) ("Tribute to Fito Páez")

Filmography

Vidas privadas ("Private lives") (2001)

¿De quién es el portaligas? (2007) ("Whose is the garter belt?")

References

Horacio Vargas: Fito Páez - La biografía - La vida después de la vida. Homosapiens, Buenos Aires 1994, ISBN 950-808-044-2.

External links

Fito Páez Biography (1/5) on YouTube

Category:1963 births Category:Living people Category:Argentine male singers Category:Argentine musicians Category:Argentine songwriters Category:Latin Grammy Award winners Category:People from Rosario, Santa Fe Category:Rock en Español musicians Category:Argentine pianists

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